Objective To investigate whether lung inflation during cardiopulmonary by -pass (CPB) surgeryfor congenital heart disease is needed to maintain adequate lung mechanics and surfactant phospholipidproduction. Methods Thirty patients (2～10 year) with atrial or ventricular septal defects were randomly dividedinto 3 groups. group I (control group). IPPV; group Ⅱ： PEEP= 0.392kpa; group Ⅲ: IPPV and lungs inflated with0.392kPa during CPB. Results Crs was measured and airway aspirates were obtained. At the end of surgery,compared with the other 2 groups Crs, SatPC/TP and SatPC/TPL was decreased significantly in group I andlower than its baseline (P<0.05). Conclusio Use of PEEP and lung inflation during open heart surgery inchildren was more effective to improve lung function and surfactant phospholipid production.
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