大蒜素抗运动性氧应激和DNA损伤的作用研究

摘要

目的：观察补充大蒜素对人体力竭运动后外周血细胞DNA的损伤效应及血清中SOD、GSH和MDA活性的影响，探讨大蒜素抗DNA氧化损伤的作用机制。方法：选取16名健康男运动员（年龄21.06±1.02岁），随机分为两组包括对照组8名（C组，补充淀粉安慰剂胶囊）和实验组8名（ T组，补充大蒜素胶囊），运动前14天各组每天分别口服安慰剂和大蒜素胶囊，补剂后所有被试均参加Bruce力竭运动方案，并分别在补剂前、补剂后和运动后即刻这三个阶段对两组受试者进行采血抗凝，采用单细胞凝胶电泳（ SCGE）技术检测人体外周血细胞DNA损伤情况，并测定血浆中超氧化物岐化酶（ SOD）活性、谷胱甘肽（ GSH）和丙二醛（ MDA）含量。结果：补剂前和补剂后，对照组和实验组的DNA损伤水平与氧化应激水平无显著性差异（ P>0.05）；运动后即刻实验组运动员外周血细胞的DNA损伤水平显著低于对照组力竭运动后的水平，其MDA水平、SOD和GSH含量较力竭对照组亦出现显著降低（ P<0.001，P<0.05，P<0.05）；而对照组运动后即刻SOD、GSH和 MDA水平较运动前均出现显著上升，DNA损伤值明显加剧（ P<0.001）。结论：力竭运动可诱导人体外周血细胞DNA损伤值增加及脂质过氧化产物MDA水平的升高，介导SOD和GSH抗氧化酶活性的过量表达，大蒜素能够提高机体抗氧化能力，降低自由基水平，减轻和预防运动性氧应激所致的DNA损伤。%Objective:This study was performed to determine the effect of allicin against DNA damage and oxidative stress on human peripheral blood cell after exhaustive exercise,and discuss the protec-tive mechanism of allicin. Methods:16 male athletes( aged 21. 06 ± 1. 02 years),in a randomized and double-blind design were allocated in two equal supplement and placebo groups( 80 mg/day allicin for 14 days). After supplementation,all participants were participated in Bruce test. The blood samples were taken in three phases( before and after the supplementation and after the exer-cise). The DNA damage was investigated on human peripheral blood cell by using the single cell gel electrophoresis( SCGE)and the level of SOD,GSH and MDA was detected in serum. Results:Dur-ing the first two phases( before and after the supplementation ),the level of DNA damage and the status of SOD,GSH and MDA between supplement and placebo groups did not show significant difference( P >0. 05 ). Moreover,exercise -induced decrease of DNA damage and the level of SOD,GSH and MDA in the supplement group were significantly more in comparison with those in the placebo group(P<0. 001),instead,the DNA damage and the level of SOD,GSH and MDA in-creased significantly after exercise. Conclusions:The exhaustive exercise could result in the DNA damage on human peripheral blood cell and induce high level of oxidative stress. However,the alli-cin could reduce free radicals and prevent DNA damage from oxidative stress induced by exhaustive exercise.