上海市高危青少年心理健康状况及相关影响因素分析

摘要

目的 了解上海市高危青少年的心理健康状况及其相关影响因素.方法 随机选取179名上海市高危青少年,采用长处与困难量表(学生版)(SDQ)、亲子亲密度量表、家庭关怀度指数、中学生社会问题解决能力问卷、应激感受量表(PSS)进行评价.结果 根据SDQ总分,高危青少年“异常”和“边缘异常”检出率分别为11.2％和10.6％,吸烟率和饮酒率分别为20.1％和31.3％.回归分析结果显示,应激感受和支持寻求可以预测心理健康困难总分(P＜0.01),人际沟通和家庭关怀度指数可以预测亲社会行为(P＜0.01).结论 上海市高危青少年的心理问题较为严重,其与家庭关怀、社会问题解决能力、应激感受等有关.%Objective To explore the status and related factors of mental health for adolescents at-risk in Shanghai.Methods A total of 179 adolescents at-risk in Shanghai were selected and assessed with Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ),Parent-child Intimacy Scale,Family APGAR Index,Questionnaire on Ability of Middle School Students to Solve Social Problems and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS).Results According to the results of SDQ,the detection rates of abnormal mental health and borderline in the adolescents at-risk were 11.2％ and 10.6％ respectively;and the detection rates of smoking and drinking were 20.1％ and 31.3％ respectively.The results of the regression analysis showed that the predicted factors of the total score of SDQ included stress perception,support seeking (P ＜ 0.01) and the predicted factors of prosocial behavior included interpersonal communication,familial caring (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion It is serious for mental health problems in the adolescents at-risk in Shanghai,which is related to their family care,the ability of solving social problems and stress sensation.