教育体系下日本柔道的现代改革历程--兼论嘉纳治五郎的重要贡献

摘要

Judo is developed from Jujitsu, a traditional Japanese sports event. Looking back in time, Jigoro Kano played a crucial role in the process of transformation of Judo. He implanted education conceptions into Judo, enabled it to go into schools from dojos, established a solid social foundation for the development of Judo;at the same time, he injected modern rational conceptions into Judo, attracted the extensive participation of a lot of social elites;he used modern sports modes to reform traditional Judo techniques, so that Judo became a worldwide popular sport;moreover, the revisions and reforms he made on doboks, rituals and the rank system enabled Judo to have distinctive national features and brand signature.%　　柔道是由日本民族传统体育项目柔术发展而来的，纵观柔道转变过程，嘉纳治五郎在其中起到了至关重要的作用。他将教育理念植入柔道当中，使柔道从道场进入学校，为柔道的发展奠定了坚实的社会基础；同时他为柔道注入现代理性观念，吸引了社会诸多精英人物的广泛参与；他用现代体育模式改造柔道传统技法，使其成为一项全世界流行的体育运动；他对道服、仪式、段位制的修正与改造，又使得柔道具有鲜明的民族特色与品牌标志。