医院及社区新生儿发生肺炎的高危因素比较及对策

摘要

Objective To compare the risk factors of neonatal pneumonia in hospital and community and to put forward prevention approaches so as to effectively reduce the incidence of neonatal pneumonia.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted about the risk factors and characteristics of neonatal pneumonia collected from children in department of neor.atology from January 2009 to December 2010,Results The incidence of premature,premature rupture of membranes,asphyxia,intrauterine fetal distress,maternal reproductive tract infectious of neonaies in hospital were higher than those in community (P<0,01); but the incidence of neonatal upper respiratory infection,contact history and neonatal local foci of infection were higher in community,both of which were statistically significant (P<0.01).Conclusion Good perinatal care and management of the pregnant woman and a comfortable environment for infants could contribute to the prevention of neonatal pneumonia.%目的 比较医院及社区新生儿发生肺炎的高危因素,并提出护理对策.方法 回顾性分析2009年1月-2010年12月某院新生儿科收治的新生儿肺炎患儿发病高危因素及特点,统计并比较医院和社区发病的新生儿肺炎患儿早产、胎膜早破、窒息、宫内窘迫、局部感染灶、上呼吸道感染史或接触史以及产妇生殖道感染情况.结果 医院新生儿组早产、胎膜早破、窒息、宫内窘迫、产妇生殖道感染率较社区新生儿组高,社区新生儿上呼吸道感染病史或接触史、新生儿局部感染病灶发生率较医院新生儿组高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 院内需做好围产期孕妇保健和新生儿病室的管理,社区需加强产妇的健康教育,为新生儿提供清洁舒适生活空间以预防新生儿肺炎的发生.