以大兴安岭地区阔叶混交低质林、蒙古栎低质林、白桦低质林为研究对象,运用描述性统计和差异性分析对其土壤层和枯落物层的水文效应进行比较分析,以期对低质林水源涵养功能深入了解.结果表明:3种类型的土壤含水率、土壤密度、土壤毛管孔隙度范围分别为0.86%~0.90%、0.41~0.53 g·cm-3、60.17%~68.16%,各类型间差异不显著.蒙古栎低质林土壤密度最低,毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度最高.3种类型的枯落物总蓄积量范围为8.87~15.18 t·hm-2,枯落物总蓄积量由大到小表现为阔叶混交低质林、蒙古栎低质林、白桦低质林,各类型间差异显著.3种类型低质林的自然持水率、最大持水率、有效拦蓄率范围分别为13.26%~19.53%、248.95%~401.97%、192.07%~323.88%,蒙古栎低质林最大持水率和有效拦蓄率高于其他2种类型,各类型间差异不显著.枯落物最大持水量、有效拦蓄量范围分别为11.4~281.5、9.00~22.26 t·hm-2,其中白桦低质林的均低于其他2种类型,各类型间差异显著.综合分析表明:蒙古栎低质林土壤水文效应优于其余2种类型,白桦低质林枯落物水文性能明显低于阔叶混交低质林和蒙古栎低质林.%The water quality of soil layer and litter layer were compared and analyzed by descriptive statistics and difference anal -ysis in three typical low-quality forest stands that broadleaved mixed forest , Quercus mongolica forest and Betula platyphylla forest in the Daxing ' an Mountains .The soil water content , soil bulk density and soil capillary porosity in three types ranged in 0.86%-0.90%, 0.41-0.53 g· cm-3, and 60.17%-68.16%, there was no significant difference between the types.In terms of the Q.mongolica low-quality forest , the soil bulk density was the lowest , and the porosity and total po-rosity were the highest .The total litter volume of three types was 8.87-15.18 t· hm-2 , and presented in descending order of broadleaved mixed low-quality forest , Q.monog lica lowq-uality forest , and B.platyphyl la low-quality forest , there were significant differences among the types .The natural water holding capacity , maximum water holding capacity and effective interception rate in three types of low quality forest were 13.26%-19.53%, 248.95%-401.97%, and 192.07%-323.88%, the maximum water holding capacity and effective interception rate in the Q.mno golica low-quality forest were higher than the other two types , and the difference between the various types was not significant .The maximum water holding capacity and effective interception capacity ranged in 11.4-28.15 t· hm-2, and 9.00-22.26 t· hm-2, that in the B.platyphylla low-quality forest were lower than the other two types , and there was no significant difference between the types .Conclu-sively, the soil hydrological effect of Q.mong oliac low quality forest is better than the other two types , the hydrological properties of litter in the B.platyphylla low-quality forest were significantly lower than those of the broadleaved mixed low-quality forest and the Q.mongolica low-quality forest .
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