底部渗灌下施肥对华北落叶松容器苗生长和养分状况的影响

摘要

采用完全随机区组设计,以华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr.)1年生播种苗为研究对象,底部渗灌下设置3个梯度施肥量(0.36、0.72、1.08 g·株-1).通过观测生长末期(11月25日)苗木的形态指标和氮、磷、钾等养分状况,确定了华北落叶松容器苗底部渗灌条件下最佳缓释肥施肥量.结果表明:底部渗灌缓释肥能有效促进华北落叶松的生长.当施肥量为0.72 g·株-1时,1年生华北落叶松容器苗开始进入奢养阶段,此时的苗高、地茎和生物量达到最大,分别为34.60 cm 、3.86 mm和1.36 g.为培育造林效果好的华北落叶松容器苗,底部渗灌技术下缓释肥较佳施肥量为0.72～ 1.08 g·株-1.%One-year-old Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr containerized seedlings were raised with three gradients of slow-release fertilizer (0.36,0.72 and 1.08 g · plant-1) under sub-irrigation system using the complete randomized block design.The optimum application amount of slow-release fertilizer was indicated by seedling morphological indexes and nutrient status in the late growth stage (November 25 th).The slow-release fertilizer can effectively promote the seedling growth and nutrient status.When the amount of applied nitrogen was 0.72 g · plant-1,the container seedlings began to enter the stage of excessive nutrient application,and the seedling height,root collar diameter and biomass reached the maximum of 34.6 cm,3.86 mm and 1.361 g,respectively.In order to cultivate the containerized seedlings of Larix principis-rupprechtii with better outplanting performance,the optimum slow-release fertilizer amount was 0.72-1.08 g · plant-1.