马尾松球果和种子发育过程及其营养元素的变化

摘要

With fine clones of Pinus massoniana in Guangxi,we collected cone sample of consecutive 20 months during whole cone development cycle,and observed fresh weight and morphologic changes of cones and seeds.Then,we tested the contents of macronutrient and micronutrient in this process of cones.Cone growth cycle of P.massoniana is 20 months.During this process,cone growth in the first 12 months is relatively slow,then will be much more rapid in two periods.Seed development process is different from cone growth.Seeds are formed and begin to develop after fertilization.External forms of seeds change largely in the first 6 months.Along with the development,seed plumpness increases and external color changes.In the last month the seed growth will be the most rapid than before.In the process of cone development,content of each nutrient element rises only in the first 8 months in different level,then declines gradually until maturation.During the whole development process,the macronutrient content in descending order is N,K,Ca,P,and Mg,and the micronutrient content in descending order is Mn,Fe,Zn,Cu,and B.%以马尾松球果为材料,采用整个发育周期的样品,进行发育过程形态变化观察和大量元素、微量元素等营养元素的测定.结果表明:马尾松球果整个生长周期为20个月,球果外形和质量在前12个月增长较为缓慢,之后经历2个迅速增长期.种子发育过程与球果发育外形观察不同,在雌配子体受精后,种子已经形成并开始发育,种子在前6个月的变化较大,种子饱满度不断增加,外部颜色开始变化,在最后1个月出现一次快速增长期.球果和种子在发育过程中,各营养元素质量分数在前8个月出现不同程度的上升,随后各元素质量分数逐步下降,在整个发育过程中大量元素质量分数由大到小依次为N、K、Ca、P、Mg,微量元素质量分数由大到小依次为Mn、Fe、Zn、Cu、B.