乌鲁木齐县石人沟地衣物种多样性及群落特征

摘要

为了查明新疆乌鲁木齐县石人沟地区的地衣物种多样性及其区系和群落特征,在石人沟地区的不同植被带设立16个样点,对地衣进行了样方调查、标本采集和标本鉴定,并对地衣区系成分和生长型进行了分析.结果表明,石人沟地区地衣共有30种,隶属于17属,10科,5目,其中叶状地衣和壳状地衣种类较丰富.地衣区系成分划分为世界广布成分、环北极成分、温带成分、中亚物种和中国特有物种等5个区系成分;按照该地区地衣生长的现状,把其划分为岩面生、树生、藓丛生和地面生等4个类型;该地区地衣的生长型主要以壳状地衣为主,其次为叶状地衣,缺乏枝状地衣种类.同时基于30种地衣及盖度数据,应用双向指示种分析方法(TWINSPAN)和除趋势对应分析(DCA)将该地区的地衣划分为3个样点组,并计算了物种多样性和均匀度指数.%With the lichen of Shirengou at 16 sites in Urumqi County lichens floristic composition,we studied the growth form characteristics according to the spot investigation data.Thirty lichen species in 17 genera and 10 families were found growing on rocks and tree barks.The crustose lichens dominated in this area as well as some foliose lichens species.The lichen floristic consists of such as Cosmopolitan element,Circumpolar arctic element,Temperate zone elements,Middle-Asian species and Species endemic to China.The lichens were divided into four ecological types according to the substrate types and their growth form.With 30 recorded lichen species and their coverage,we applied Two-way Indicator Species Analisis (TWINSPAN) and Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) to classify the lichen species into three groups,and calculate the species diversity and evenness index.