地被菊柱头可授性

摘要

为探寻提高地被菊杂交结实率的有效方法,对多个地被菊品种柱头形态及可授性进行研究,比较了不同花序发育阶段的持续时间及柱头形态,不同形态柱头可授性差异以及1d中不同时间段柱头可授性差异.结果表明:按发育顺序菊花花序分为8个阶段,其中第1、2阶段,持续3~7 d,柱头呈I型;3、4阶段,持续2~9d,柱头呈I型或Y型;5、6、7阶段,柱头呈I型、Y型、羊角型和衰败型多种形态;第8阶段,柱头衰老状态明显呈羊角型或衰败型.柱头Y型时,可授性最强,衰败型时,可授性弱或没有.不同品种柱头可授性差异明显.1 d中10:00—14:00柱头可授性最强.因此,选择晴天10:00—14:00对Y型柱头授粉可有效提高地被菊杂交结实率.%In order to explore effective ways to improve the seed setting rate of hybridization,Chrysanthemum morifolium stigma form and receptivity were studied by a plurality of chrysanthemum species.The stigmatic morphology and sustainable time in different flowering stages,stigma receptivity of different forms and different times during one day were compared.Ac-cording to the development process of chrysanthemum, the inflorescence development sequence can be divided into eight stages.Among them,the flowering stages of 1 and 2 continued for 4-6 d,and stigmas were I type;the stages of 3 and 4 continued 3-9 d,and stigmas were I type and Y type;at the 5,6,7stages,stigmas had a variety of forms,including I, Y,horns and wilt type;at the 8 stage,stigmas senescence was obviously,including horns and wilt type.The receptivity was the strongest when stigma was Y type,and it was weak or not when wilt type.The receptivity of different species was different.And it was the strongest at 10:00-14:00 during one day.So the seed setting rate of hybridization was improved by pollinating stigmas of Y type at 10:00-14:00 on sunny days.