以位于北京平谷的5年生三倍体毛白杨无性系测定林为对象,就三倍体毛白杨纤维性状的遗传变异以及纤维性状与生长性状的相关性进行了研究.结果表明,三倍毛白杨的平均纤维长度、宽度、长宽比及粗度分别比二倍体毛白杨提高24.9%、13.8%、7.4%、31.3%,并且差异基本都达到极显著水平.同时,纤维性状在三倍体毛白杨无性系间也存在显著或极显著差异,三倍体毛白杨在纤维性状方面同样具有一定的选择潜力.纤维长度、宽度、长宽比及粗度的重复力分别为0.95、0.91、0.71、0.95,三倍体毛白杨的纤维性状受较强的遗传控制,在无性系水平上进行选择,能获得较高的遗传增益.纤维性状之间存在显著或极显著的正相关关系,基于一项纤维性状的选择,会同时影响其他纤维性状指标.纤维长度和长宽比与生长性状间呈显著或极显著正相关,以生长性状作为遗传改良目标,能同时提高纤维长度和长宽比.%An experiment was conducted to study the genetic variation of fiber properties of five-year-old triploid Chinese white poplar based on a clonal trial established in Pinggu in northeast Beijing. Results indicated that differences in fiber properties were highly significant between triploid clones and diplont clones. Compared with the diplont, fiber properties of the triploid clones, including mean fiber length, mean fiber width, ratio of length to width and mean fiber coarseness, increased by 24.9％, 13.8％, 7.4 ％ and 31.3％, respectively. Significant or highly significant differences also existed in fiber properties of the triploid clones, suggesting that there was a potential selection in fiber properties. Clonal repeatabilities for fiber coarseness, fiber length, fiber width and ratio of length to width were 0.95. 0.95, 0.91 and 0.71 respectively, and fiber properties were under strong genetic control, indicating that it could obtain a lugher genetic gain from clone selection for fiber properties. Moreover, significant or highly significant positive correlations between the fiber properties were also observed, suggesting that selection for one trait would affect other traits. Fiber length and ratio of length to width would be improved when growth traits were used as the selected indexes for genetic improvement due to the significant or highly significant positive correlations between fiber length, ratio of length to width and growth traits.
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