印度紫檀容器育苗适宜容器规格、基质和肥料配方

摘要

采用正交试验设计,以半年生苗的苗高、地径、根系长、全株鲜质量为测定指标,对珍贵用材树种印度紫檀(Perocarpus indicus)容器育苗的适宜容器规格和基质配方、适宜肥料种类及用量进行试验研究.结果表明:不同基质配方和施肥对幼苗的苗高、地径、根系长、全株鲜质量均有显著影响,而基质配方与施肥的交互作用及容器规格对苗木生长无显著影响.对不同因素、不同水平的各个组合处理进行分析,以70％森林土+30％火烧土为基质、苗期施用3％氮肥、容器规格14 cm×18 cm的组合幼苗生长最好,其平均苗高为57.6 cm、平均地径0.464 cm、平均鲜质量16.59g,其次是以70％森林土+30％火烧土为基质、苗期施用沼气肥、容器规格14 cm× 18 cm和以70％森林土+30％火烧土为基质、苗期施用3％氮肥、容器规格8 cm×12 cm的组合处理.结合生产实际,在生产中可采用70％森林土+30％火烧土、追施3％的氮肥、8 cm× 12 cm规格的营养袋组合培育印度紫檀容器苗.%An experiment was conducted using orthogonal design to study the optimal container dimension, culture medium formula, fertilizers and application rate for the container seedlings of Perocarpus indicia by means of height, diameter at ground level, root system length, and fresh weight of the whole plant of half-year-old seedlings. Results show that different medium formula and fertilizations have significant effects on height, diameter at ground level, root system length, and fresh weight of the whole plant of the seedlings. However, the medium formula, fertilizer interaction and container dimension have insignificant effects on the seedling growth. The growth of the seedlings in various treatment combinations of different factors and different levels was analyzed. The best treatment combination was obtained as culture medium 70% forest soil +30% burnt soil, nitrogen application rate 3% , and container dimension 14 cm x 18 cm. The average seedling height, diameter at ground level and total fresh weight of the seedlings in the best treatment combination were 57.6 cm, 0.464 cm, 16.59 g respectively. Two better treatment combinations were obtained as culture medium 70% forest soil +30% burnt soil, applying biogas manure, container dimension 14 cm x 18 cm, and culture medium 70% forest soil +30% burnt soil, nitrogen application rate 3% , container dimension 8 cm x 12 cm. Combined with the actual production, 70% forest soil +30% burnt soil, topdressing 3% nitrogen fertilizer, and nutrition bag (8 cm x 12 cm) was the optimal combination for the cultivation of the container seedlings of P. Indicia.