降解甲胺磷的土壤真菌多样性及降解效率

摘要

We separated and cultured 309 strains with four long-term pesticide-contaminated soil samples in Harbin by using di-lution plate method.We identified the fungi belonging to 21 genera, 49 species.90% of fungi have some effect on the degradation of methamidophos .Absidia corymbifera, Aspergillus fumigatus, A.terreus and Trichoderma viride are with a high frequency.In all strains, A.fumigatus var.Fumigatus and Mucor plumbeus have the degradation rate of more than 60%, followed by Penicillium funiculosum andR hizopus oryzaewith more than 50%.%在哈尔滨地区采集了4份长期受农药污染的土壤样品，采用稀释平板法，分离、纯化获得309株土壤真菌菌株。经鉴定，共得到21属、49种不同真菌。结果表明：90％以上真菌对甲胺磷都有一定的降解效果。伞枝犁头霉（ Absidia corymbifera）、烟曲霉（ Aspergillus fumigatus）、黑曲霉（ A．niger）、土曲霉（ A．terreus）、绿色木霉（ Tri-choderma viride）出现频率最高。在所有菌株中，烟曲霉原变种（ A．fumigatus var．fumigatus）和密丛毛霉（ Mucor plumbeus）降解率达到了60％以上，降解效果最好；绳状青霉（ Penicillium funiculosum）和米根霉（ Rhizopus oryzae）次之，达到了50％以上。