0-60 cm soil layer of six main forests, including Picea wilosonii forest, Picea wilosonii and Betula platyphylla forest, Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla forest, Catanester multiglorus and Rosa xanthina shrubs, Pinus tabulaeformis forest and Larix principis-rupprechtii forest in Xinglong Mountain of Gansu, was conducted to investigate the infiltration capability in 2010 and provide basis for the evaluation of water conservation function of forest and sustainable management of water conservation forests. The results showed that the infiltration eigenvalues of six forest types are as: initial infiltration rate＞average infiltration rate＞stable infiltration rate. The characteristics of soil infiltration differ significantly with deferent forest types. The comprehensive score for soil infiltration is in the range of -1.960 0-1.944 9, and the natural forest is obviously better than plantation. The soil infiltration capability of natural forest gradually increases with its development of positive succession. Correlation analysis showed that soil infiltration capability is greatly affected by soil physical and chemical properties. Soil infiltration has not only close relation with bulk density and porosity, but also with soil nutrient contents and pH. Combined with the correlation analysis, ten soil physical and chemical properties factors, which extremely significantly or significantly influenced soil infiltration, were selected to build four dominant factor equations of soil permeability by stepwise regression method with the correlation coefficient of higher than 0. 850 0 (P＜0. 01 ). In four equations , the first introduced factor is the soil bulk density, and it is the most important one among many impact factors. The hydrolysable nitrogen, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, pH value and soil organic matter are the secondary factors. Horton infiltration model is the best one to describe the soil infiltration process of water conservation forests in Xinglong Mountain, followed by the Kostiakov and General empirical model, and Philip model is the worst one.%为了评价和分析兴隆山森林水源涵养功能,以该区域的原始青杆(Picea wilsonii)纯林、天然青杄—白桦(Betula platyphylla)针阔混交林、天然次生山杨(Populus davidiana)—白桦阔叶混交林、天然次生灌丛林、油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)人工纯林和华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)人工纯袜6种森林类型0～60 cm土壤层为研究对象,于2010年进行了森林演替过程中土壤渗透性变化规律的研究.结果表明:1)6种森林土壤入渗特性均表现出初渗速率＞平均入渗速率＞稳渗速率的规律；不同森林类型间入渗性能差别较大,综合得分变化范围为-1.9600 ～ 1.9449,天然林明显要好于人工林；随森林正向演替的进行,天然林土壤渗透性逐渐增强；2)相关分析表明,森林土壤渗透性能受到土壤物理和化学性质的共同影响,不仅与土壤密度、孔隙度关系密切,还与土壤养分含量和pH值等有直接关系；3)结合相关分析,筛选出10个极显著或显著影响土壤渗透性能的土壤理化性因子,通过逐步回归分析法,建立了4个土壤渗透性主导方程,相关系数R均高于0.8500(P＜0.01).在4个方程中,第一个引入因子均为土壤密度,说明土壤密度是最主要的影响因子；水解N、有效P、全N、pH值和有机质均为次要因子.4)对土壤入渗过程模拟得出,Horton方程是用于描述兴隆山水源涵养林土壤入渗过程的最优模型,Kostiakov和通用经验方程次之,Philip方程较差.
展开▼
