于2010年秋季,用索伯网(Surber)和D形网等工具在阿什河上游9个采样点进行了水生昆虫的综合取样、调查和研究.采集昆虫标本1410只,共鉴定出水生昆虫5目、19科、33属、41种.其中,毛翅目(Trichoptera)种类最多,共14种,占水生昆虫种类的34.15％.物种分析表明:亚美蜉属(Ameletus sp.1)、斑纹角石蛾(Stenopsyche marmorata)、纹石蛾属(Hydropsyche sp.1)、小划蝽(Corixa substriata)和大蚊属(Tipula sp.1)为优势种.水生昆虫摄食功能群可以划分5种类型:收集者(61.13％)、捕食者(20.14％)、刮食者(15.60％)是主要的摄食功能群,而牧食者(2.70％)和撕食者(0.43％)的丰富度比较小.同时分析比较了评价水质的方法——水生昆虫丰富度指数EP.T、科级水平生物指数FB.I、生物指数BI,结果显示,EP.T指数和BI指数可用于评价阿什河上游的水质,其评价结果为:阿什河上游水质处于很好到好的过渡状态.%Benthic aquatic insects were sampled by surber nets, D-shape nets and brushing stones at nine sites of the Ashihe River upstream in autumn, 2010. Total 1410 individuals belonging to 41 species of 33 genea in 19 families under 5 orders of aquatic insects were collected. Trichoptera is maximum order with 14 species accounting for 34. 15% of all individuals. Species analysis shows that Ameletus sp. 1, Stenopsyche marmorata, Corixa substriata and Tipula sp. 1 are dominant species. The feeding functional groups for aquatic insects can be divided into five categories: main feeding functional groups of collectors (61.13%), predators (20.14%) and scrapers (15.60%), and the rare groups of Herbivores (2.70%) and shredders (0.43%). The water quality evaluation methods were analyzed based on EP .T, FB .I, and BI. The results showed that EP.T and BI can be used to evaluate water quality of Ashihe River upstream. The evaluation results showed that water quality is in transitional condition from very good to good.
展开▼
