以设置在湖北宜昌地区的云杉种源试验林为材料，对白云杉、黑云杉、兰云杉、红皮云杉和欧洲云杉等5个种18个种源4～7年生云杉的适应性、生长性状和形质性状进行研究。结果表明：云杉种间和种源间的适应性差异显著，7年生云杉种间和种源间的保存率均呈极显著差异。不同林龄种源间树高、当年抽梢长和冠幅的变异系数较大；且各性状变异既有树种的效应，也有种源间的效应。方差分析表明，5～7年生云杉的各性状在种间差异极显著，在种源间差异极显著或显著，方差分量表明不同云杉种间和种源间存在较大的遗传变异。7年生云杉各性状间呈极显著的正相关关系。运用性状的综合评价方法，筛选得到欧洲云杉、兰云杉和黑云杉为试验地区的优良云杉种，并初步筛选出具有较强适应性和生长潜力的欧洲云杉6号和4号种源及黑云杉10号种源，7年生树高增益分别为24．08％、13．38％和16．79％。%We studied the species and provenance variation in adaptation , growth trait, and form trait of 4-7-year-old Picea spe-cies and provenance trial including 5 species and 18 provenances at Yichang City of Hubei province .There were very sig-nificant differences in adaptation of species and provenances .The preserving rate in both was significant different .Coeffi-cient of variation (CV) of height, shoot length, and crown width among species diverse in years .Comparing to those traits variation, the variation not only origin from species but also from provenances .There were significant differences in height, shoot length, crown width and ground diameter among species, and there were significant or very significant differences among provenances.By the correlation analysis , different traits had very significant positive relevance in 7-year-old Picea species. By the traits comprehensive evaluation method we selected the superior species and provenances , and induced the P.abise , P.pungens and P.mariana were the best spruce spices for experimental area with lowest Pi value of No .6 and No.4 prove-nance from P.abies and No.10 provenance from P.mariana.The real gains for height index of seven years were 24.08%, 13.38%and 16.79%, separately.
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