平欧杂交榛13个品种（系）抗寒性比较1）

摘要

We studied the cold resistance of Corylus heterophylla×Corylus avellana in Xinjiang to select the variety with high cold resistance , and provide the basis for cultivation and promotion .We introduced one-year-old twigs of thirteen hazelnuts ( 80-13, 85-152, 82-11, 84-36, 82-15, 80-4, 85-49, 80-43, 84-254, B21, 84-310, 84-226 and 83-33) as the test materials to measure bud electrolyte leakage , semi-lethal temperature ( LT50 ) , germination rate and physiological indexes such as proline , malondialdehyde content , peroxidase activity under different low temperature at -15,-20,-25,-30,-35, and-40℃, and analyzed the cold resistance .The electrolyte leakage increased like “S” curve, showed highly signif-icantly negative correlation with processing temperature of -27.21--33.99℃.Under different low temperature , malondial-dehyde contents of 84-254 and 83-33were significantly lower than those in other cultivars .The proline contents of 85-152, 82-11, 84-36, 85-49 and 84-254 were significantly higher than those in other cultivars .The peroxidase activity of 85-152、80-43、84-254 and 84-310 were significantly higher than those in other cultivars .The germination rate of 84-254 was significantly higher than that in other cultivars .The electrolyte leakage was highly significant correlation with the other indexes .We used membership function to evaluate the cold resistance , and the order of cold resistance in descending order was 84-254, 85-152, 84-310, 84-226, 80-43, B21, 85-49, 82-15, 80-13,82-11 , 80-4, 84-36, 83-33.%通过研究引种到新疆的平欧杂交榛抗寒性，为筛选出抗寒性强的品种（系）、适地栽培和生产推广提供依据。以引入的平欧杂交榛13个品种（系）（80－13、85－152、82－11、84－36、82－15、80－4、85－49、80－43、84－254、B21、84－310、84－226和83－33）的1年生休眠枝条为试材，进行－15、－20、－25、－30、－35和－40℃的低温处理，测定相对电导率并拟合logistic方程计算半致死温度（ LT50）、萌芽率、游离脯氨酸质量分数、丙二醛质量摩尔浓度、过氧化物酶活性，并进行抗寒性分析。测得的相对电导率呈“S”型曲线，与处理低温呈极显著负相关；半致死温度在－27．21～－33．99℃内；在不同低温处理后，84－254和83－33的丙二醛质量摩尔浓度显著较低；85－152、82－11、84－36、85－49和84－254的游离脯氨酸质量分数显著较高；85－152、80－43、84－254和84－310的过氧化物酶活性显著较高；84－254的萌芽率显著较高；相对电导率与4个指标呈极显著相关。运用隶属函数值法综合评价其抗寒性，可知其抗寒性由大到小的排序为：84－254、85－152、84－310、84－226、80－43、B21、85－49、82－15、80－13、82－11、80－4、84－36、83－33。