西方公民意识的古典渊源可追溯到古希腊、罗马时期。公民意识的现代含蕴在西方既成的理论传统下赋予了不同的内涵：自由主义传统下的消极公民观、共和主义传统下的积极公民观以及社群主义传统下对社群作用的倚重。公民意识的当代旨趣则是在共和主义、社群主义与自由主义的借鉴与融合的背景下所确定的。纵观之，西方公民意识的发展呈现出以下特点：公民意识产生的原生性、权利理念主导下的权利意识与责任意识的共生性存在。正确的认识和看待西方公民意识发展的这些规律性对当代中国公民意识的培育具有十分重要的借鉴意义。%The awareness of the obligations among citizens in Western countries can be traced down to the times of Ancient Greek and Rome. The connotation of this awareness is given different meanings by the existing theories in the West, namely, the negative ideas caused by liberalism, the positive ideas ignited by republicanism, and the emphasis on the mass based on communitarianism. The objective of this awareness is based on the merge and drawing-on of communitarianism, republicanism and liberalism. Generally speaking, the features of this awareness are like the following, namely, the originality of the birth of this awareness and the co-existence of the awareness of rights and obligations. The recognition and treatment of these rules are of great significance for the cultivation of this kind of awareness in China.
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