人的问题就是个体人格的问题。个体人格不是自然形成的，它需要建构。个体存在于社会，个体的社会化即奴役化。个体只有沿着超越的道路，才能摆脱奴役，实现精神的超升。别尔嘉耶夫的个体人格理论对我国的公民人格构建具有启发性。公民人格培育一方面要保持个体的独立性，另一方面要实现精神的提升和超越。但公民人格与社会不是截然对立的，宗教也不是精神超升的唯一方式。只有明确个人的职责和义务，个体在人格上保持独立，精神上保持自由，才能构建健全的公民人格，推进公民文化建设，最终实现人的现代化。%Personality makes the core of any discussion about what makes a man the man he is. The personality of an individual is not formed naturally,but needs to be constructed. Any individual exists in the society,and his socialization is in fact a process of enslavement. Only by advancing along a path leading him to God and then taking God as his“other”can an individual get rid of slavery and a-chieve a spiritual enhancement. Such a view held by Berdiaevs individual personality theory means a lot for the construction of citizen personality in our country. On the one hand,the cultivation of citizen personality depends on the independence of the individual. On the other hand,it should realize the upgrading and transcendence of his spirit. However,the citizen personality is not in unresolved con-flict with the society and religion is not the only way to realize the transcendence and upgrading of spir-it. Only by making an individuals duties and obligations clear,keeping independent in personality, maintaining freedom in spirit can we construct a sound citizen personality,promote the construction of citizen culture and finally realize the modernization of people.
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