生态自由限制现代个人主义自由的正当性辩护

摘要

One of the most important values championed by modernity is the pursuit of individualistic freedom. In terms of the relationship between man and nature, this type of freedom is prone to be turned into an atomic freedom in conquering nature, which demands unlimited natural resources and an unlimited natural environment. However, it is a well-known fact that nature itself is unconquera-ble, but the natural resources and the environment are limited. The individualistic freedom must be re-stricted to resolve the conflict between the pursuit of maximum freedom and limited nature. The effec-tive restriction of the modern individualism lies in the construction of an ecological harmony between man and nature. Only ecological freedom can guarantee individualism moral legitimacy and ecological justice.%现代性所追求的最主要价值之一是个人主义自由。从人与自然关系维度看，这种个人主义自由是原子式的征服自然的自由，并以无限的自然资源和无限的自然环境为基础。然而，众所周知的事实是，自然本身是不可征服的，自然资源和自然环境均是有限的。消解个人主义无限自由和有限自然之间的矛盾，必须限制个人主义自由，而对个人主义自由进行有效限制的是人与自然和谐的生态自由。唯生态自由才能担保个人主义自由的道德合理性与生态正当性。