论马克思人学思想的生态本质

摘要

马克思的人学思想之所以能够超越以往任何时代并掀起一场人学思想上的革命，并不仅仅是因为他所论证的人是社会关系的总和，还因为其开创性地把生态学思想纳入到对人本质的基本规定中，即将人与自然的本质统一性视为人的本真存在形态。正是人同自然界完成本质的统一，才能将人从异化存在中拯救出来，进而使自然界得以真正的复活，使人与自然之间的物质变换活动得以真正实现。因此在当下中国，深刻领悟马克思人学思想的生态内涵并以此为指导来构建化解生态危机的具体路径就具有了十分重要的现实性和迫切性。%The reason why Marx’s theory of human nature can surpass any thought in any previous pe-riod in history and start a revolution in the concept of human nature lies not only in his argument that man is the sum total of social relations, but also in his creative attempts to integrate ecological ideas into the basic rules of human nature.He regards the essential unity of man and nature as the existing form of human nature.It is due to this unity that man can be saved from alienation, thus bringing a-bout a real resurgence of the natural world, which enables the material transformation between man and nature.Hence, it is of great realistic significance and urgency to grasp the ecological essence of Marx’s theory of human nature and take it as a guiding rule to build the concrete path so as to resolve the ecological crisis in present-day China.