论王尔德作品中的“瞬间主义”

摘要

Momentism is a modern concept of time dominating Oscar Wilde's works. It is also the key to interpreting his decadence theme. Wilde's Momentism mainly has two layers:for one thing,com-pared with eternal time,one's life is nothing but a brief moment;for another,the meaning of life only lies in a couple of passionate moments. Monmentism endows figures in Wilde's works,especially those dandies,with the freedom to choose how to live a life. Nevertheless,it also leads to their indulgence in pursuing aesthetic experience and immediate sensual pleasure,as well as their refusal to reflect up-on and repent of what they have done. These figures end up losing their personalities and souls.%“瞬间主义”是王尔德作品中占主导地位的一种时间观，它是一种现代性的时间意识，也是解读王尔德颓废主题的关键。瞬间主义主要包含两个层次：相对于空茫的时间之流，人生不过是短暂的一瞬；在短暂的生命区间，有意义的存在不过是若干激情片刻而已。瞬间主义使王尔德笔下的人物尤其是那些纨绔子形象，获得了重新选择生活姿态的自由，同时也造成了其生活的双重断裂，致使其一味追求审美体验乃至即时的感官享受，主观上拒绝反思与悔改，最终在碎片化生存中丧失了完整的人格与活的灵魂。