KRAS基因突变检测与结直肠癌分子靶向治疗的研究进展

摘要

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and its treatment has been the main study directions of domestic and foreign scholars. With the coming of targeted drugs epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) inhibitor cetuximab, colorectal cancer goes into the era of targeted therapy. In recent years, many clinical researches show that the curative effect is significantly in correlation with the genetic mutation of KRAS. KRAS mutation has become an important index about choosing EGFR inhibitor treatment in many countries. How to quickly and accurately detect KRAS mutations is particularly important to individual therapy.%结直肠癌是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其治疗一直是国内外学者研究的重要方向.随着靶向治疗药物表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)抑制剂西妥昔单抗的问世,结直肠癌的治疗进入了靶向治疗时代.近年来,多项临床研究表明:KRAS基因突变状态与转移性结直肠癌抗EGFR单抗治疗的疗效密切相关.许多国家已经将KRAS基因突变作为是否选择EGFR抑制剂治疗的必检指标.如何快速准确地检测KRAS基因突变,对个体化治疗显得尤为重要.