Objective: To explore the relationship between the expression of p53 , BCL - 2 proteins and the biological behavior of colorectal carcinoma. Methods: Expressions of p53 and Bcl - 2 proteins in 20 cases of normal color-ectal mucosa, 40 samples of colorectal intraepithelial replasia and 90 samples of colorectal adenocarcinoma were detected by immuno - histochemical staining Sp - method. Results: There was no expression of p53 in normal colorectal mucosa . The positive expression rate of p53 in colorectal intraepithelial neplasia was 25% , and in colorectal adero-carcinoma was 62. 2% ,The rate increased gradually when the grade of intraepithelial neplasia got serious. The positive expression rate of BCL - 2 in colorectal carcinoma was 50% , and in intraepithelial neplasia was 47. 5% , there was no expression of BCL - 2 in normal colorectal mucosa . The expression of BCL - 2 was related with the differentiation degree of colorectal carcinoma( P <0. 05 ). But was not related with the depth of infiltraction and lymph node metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinoma( P >0. 05 ). There was statistical significance between the expression of p53 and lymph node metastasis, but not related with the depth of infiltraction and the differentiation degree. The difference of the 5 - years survival rate between the two groups which had positive or negative result in the expression of p53 protein had statistical significance. Conclusion: The expression of p53and BCL -2 was associated with colorectal carcinoma and precancerous lesion, so they might be used as reference factors for the prognosis of colorectal carcinoma.%目的:研究p53、BCL-2蛋白在肠癌及癌前病变中的表达与肠癌生物学行为的关系.方法:采用免疫组化二步法,检测p53、BCL-2蛋白在90例肠癌、40例异型增生和20例正常肠黏膜中的表达.结果:p53在正常肠黏膜中不表达,异型增生肠组织中表达率为25%,且随肠黏膜异型增生程度的加重而增高,在肠癌中表达率为62.2%.BCL-2蛋白在肠癌表达率为50%,异型增生表达率为47.5%,在正常肠黏膜几乎不表达.BCL-2蛋白的表达与肠癌分化程度成正相关(P<0.05),与淋巴结转移、肿瘤浸润深度无关(P>0.05);p53蛋白阳性表达与淋巴结有无转移有统计学意义,但与肿瘤的分化程度及浸润深度无关;5年生存率在p53蛋白阳性表达、阴性表达两组之间的差异有统计学意义.结论:p53、BCL-2蛋白的表达与肠癌癌前病变及肠癌密切相关,联合检测p53、BCL-2可以作为肠癌早期诊断及评估预后的参考指标.
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