目的：动态观察我院从2009年到2012年，4年间多重耐药菌的检出率和耐药性。方法：采用美国临床实验室标准化委员会（ NCCLS/CLSI）推荐的纸片扩散确证法检测ESBLs与MRSA。MIC法做药敏试验，利用WHONET5.4分析软件对药敏试验进行统计分析。结果：4年来ESBLs阳性率大肠埃希菌由59.3%升至72.1%；肺炎克雷伯菌由21.2%升至46.7%；奇异变形杆菌阳性率偏低。ESBLs阳性株对碳青霉烯类、阿米卡星和β-内酰胺类/β-内酰胺酶抑剂类的耐药率较低；MRSA阳性率由53.3%降至29.8%；MRCNS阳性率由54.7%升至56.6%，无明显变化。但MRSA呈多重耐药性，对MRSA菌株的治疗首选糖肽类抗菌药物；多重耐药非发酵菌的检出率呈上升趋势。结论：4年来，大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌中ESBLs阳性率逐年上升；MRSA阳性率呈现下降趋势，而MRCNS阳性率则变化不大；多重耐药非发酵菌的检出率呈上升趋势。%Objective:To investigate the detection rate of multiple drug resistant and drug resistance from 2009 to 2012 in our hospital. Methods:ESBLs and MRSA were detected by the method recommended by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards or Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The antibiotic susceptibility was tested by the MIC method and the data were analyzed by the software of WHONET5. 4. Results:The positive rate of Esche-richia coli producing ESBLs was increased from 59. 3% to 72. 1% and Klebsiella producing ESBLs was increased from 21. 2% to 46. 7% in four years. The strains producing ESBLs only to carbapenems,amikacin,β-lactam/β-lactamase depressant drug resistance were low. The positive rate of MRSA was decreased from 53. 3% to 29. 8%. The positive rate of MRCNS was little changed from 54. 7% to 56. 6%. But strains of MRSA showed multiple drug resist-ance and glycopeptide treatment should be the preferred drug. The detection rate of multi-drug resistant non-fer-mentative bacteria was rising. Conclusion:The positive rate of Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae producing ES-BLs increased year by year. The positive rate of MRSA was declined. The positive rate of MRCNS was little changed. The detection rate of multi-drug resistant non-fermentative bacteria rise.
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