微小RNA在女性生殖系统恶性肿瘤的研究进展

摘要

MicroRNAs(miRNAs), a kind of small non-protein-coding RNAs, appear to interact with specific target mRNAs through or complete complementary, miRNAs may regulate gene expression, which affect cellular biology function,miRNAs may also take part in many procedures of tumorigenesis.In recent years,miRNA is widely studied in the field of tumor,the different expressions of miRNA are associated with the occurrence and development of cancer, miRNAs regulate the translation of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.The different expressions of miRNA inhibit the expression of target genes and influence the classification,drug resistance and prognosis of tumor.The present research focus on the carcinogenesis of miRNA, and we may find new targets for the early detection and treatment of cancers by miRNA.In this paper,we introduced the research progress on miRNAs in female malignant tumors such as cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer vulvar cancer.%微小RNA(microRNA, miRNA)是一类内源性非编码小分子RNA,以完全或非完全互补的方式与其靶mRNA相结合,调节mRNA表达,从而影响其生物学特征,参与许多肿瘤发生过程.近年来,miRNA在肿瘤领域研究较为广泛,差异表达的miRNA与肿瘤的发生、发展有关,其作用机制是调控癌基因和抑癌基因翻译的过程.差异表达的miRNA可能通过抑制靶基因的表达来影响肿瘤的分类、药物耐药性和预后.目前的研究热点为癌变过程中miRNA的作用机制,以及如何利用miRNA作为癌症早期诊断指标或新型治疗的靶点.现就miRNA在妇科癌症如宫颈癌、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌及外阴癌中的研究进展作以下综述.