长链非编码RNAs在肿瘤外周血中的研究进展

摘要

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are a kind of RNA molecules of more than 200 nucleotides in length.Due to the lack of an open reading frame,LncRNAs do not have a protein coding potential and were considered as a "dark matter" in the process of transcription,which had not been paid attention to.In recent years,LncRNAs function in the form of RNA and gain widespread concern for the regulation of genes in epigenetic,transcriptional and post transcriptional level.There have been some reports showing that some LncRNAs are expressed in some tumor tissues and serum or plasma stably,and can be used as novel biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and prognostic monitoring.This paper gives a brief overview of LncRNAs,and summarizes the research progress of LncRNAs in a variety of tumor tissues and peripheral blood.%长链非编码RNAs(long non-coding RNAs,LncRNAs)是一类长度超过200个核苷酸的RNA分子,由于其缺少开放阅读框架而不具有编码蛋白质潜能,所以最初被视作转录过程的“暗物质”而未受到重视.近年来因其以RNA的形式在肿瘤的表观遗传、转录以及转录后调控等方面调控基因的表达而被广泛关注.目前已有部分研究报道,一些LncRNAs在某些肿瘤组织及其血清或血浆中稳定表达,并可作为临床诊断、预后监测的新型生物标志物.本文简要概述LncRNAs,并对其在多种肿瘤组织及其外周血的研究进展进行综述.