美国公共图书馆经费保障制度研究

摘要

Funding is the material guarantee for the survival and development of public libraries, and the legal regime formed around funding guarantee is basic for the survival and development of public libraries. American public librarian- ship is great developed because of its funding guarantee system. Multiple levels of federal, state and local governments published laws, regulations and standards to formulate the manners of financial support to public libraries, which ensured the growth of funding for public libraries to keep pace with the growth of national financial expenditure, and achieved better service benefits. But there are still some problems, such as funding distribution is not fair among different levels of governments. On the basis of systematical analysis of the legislative base and legal forms of the public libraries funding system at all levels of the governments in the United States, this paper examines the practical effect of the funding guarantee system, in order to provide theoretical and practical references for the funding issues of library law in China. 1 fig. 2 tabs. 35 refs.%经费是公共图书馆生存和发展的基本保障，围绕经费保障问题形成的制度则是公共图书馆生存和发展的基础性制度。美国公共图书馆事业发达的重要基础在于其经费保障制度及其体系的完善。美国通过联邦、州和地方政府多个层面颁布法律、法规和标准来规定对公共图书馆的拨款事项．实现美国公共图书馆经费增长与国家财政支出增长同步，并取得较好的服务效益。但目前尚存在经费在不同级别政府间分配不公等问题。本文系统分析美国各个层面对公共图书馆经费保障制度的立法基础和法律形式，考察其经费保障体系的实践效果，以期为我国图书馆法关于经费问题的理论与实践研究提供参考。图1。表2。参考文献35。