基于主客观赋权模糊综合评价法的湖泊水生态系统健康评价

摘要

This study investigated 37 lakes of the Jianghan lake group in the middle reach of the Yangtze River.Trophic state index(TSI)was applied to define the trophic status of the lakes.According to water quality,sediment quality and aquatic biological communities,the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and entropy weight method combined with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation based on fuzzy mathematics methods were applied to evaluate the aquatic ecosystem health.The lakes trophic evaluation showed that Lake Haikou was in the mesotrophic status,18 lakes were in eutrophic status,and 18 lakes were in hyper-eutrophic status.The assessment of lake ecosystem health turned out that only Lake Haikou was in the "high" health status.Five lakes were in "good" health status: Lakes Dongxicha,Huama,Liangzi,Tongjia and Zhangdu.The rest 31 lakes were all in "poor" health status.According to the TSI,for the ecosystem health assessment of the Jianghan lake group,AHP combined with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was proved to be a better method than the entropy weighting method.%运用湖泊营养状态指数判断湖泊的富营养化状态,并根据湖泊的水质、沉积物和水生生物群落的现状和特点,运用主观赋权法中的层次分析法和客观赋权法中的熵权法结合模糊综合评价法,对长江中游地区江汉湖群37个湖泊的水生态系统进行健康状态评价.对湖泊富营养化的调查结果表明,海口湖处于中营养状态,18个湖泊处于富营养化状态,18个湖泊处于超富营养化状态.湖泊生态系统健康评价的研究结果表明,37个湖泊中,处于健康状况"优"的湖泊只有海口湖,处于健康状况"良"的湖泊有5个,分别为东西汊湖、花马湖、梁子湖、童家湖和涨渡湖,其余31个湖泊均处于健康状况"差"的状态.经过与湖泊营养状态指数的对照,本研究结果表明,由主观赋权的专家评分的层次分析法结合模糊综合评价法对江汉湖群湖泊水生态健康状态的评价效果相比客观赋权的熵权模糊综合评价法更贴合实际.