China's overall regional disparity is inverted n-type change. The Gini coefficient of Per capita GDP changes between 0.268-0.356 during 1978-2010, but the lack of discriminate criteria of the Gini coefficient of the per capita GDP, it needs further research to decide whether it is within reasonable bounds. From the decomposition of the Gini coefficient, the gap of regional economic is mainly influenced by the economic gap of the three major regional, and most comes from the east and west as well as the east and central, the gap between the provinces within the eastern region is largest, so the economic disparities mainly comes from the coastal area and inland area as well as between the provinces in the eastern coastal areas. This provides reference for the future countries to narrow the gap in economic policy.%我国总体区域差距呈倒N型变化；1978-2010年间人均GDP基尼系数在0.268~0.356范围内变动，但由于缺乏成熟的人均GDP基尼系数判别标准，其是否处在合理的范围之内，有待进一步研究。从基尼系数差异分解的结果来看，我国区域经济差距主要受到东、中、西三大区域间经济差距的影响，且这些差距大部分来自于东西部与东中部之间，东部地区内部各省份间差距较大，因此我国区域经济差距主要来源于东部沿海地区与中西部内陆地区之间以及东部沿海地区内部各省份间，这将为今后国家制定缩小区域间经济差距政策提供参考。
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