民国时期云南茶业资本组织探析

摘要

During the republican period of China,the tea capital in Yunnan began its process of modernization. In aspects of its organization form,the tea industry in Yunnan during the republican period retains sole proprietorship and partnership,but meanwhile the forms of company appeared;then as to the internal governance, the partnership merchants carried out the unique, bank shares and labor shares coexisting system, and the forms of company was to establish modern enterprise management system;business guilds upon tea industry began to appear. In terms of the production mode, manual mill and modern mechanisms coexisted. In terms of management concept,the market shares of Yunnan tea was expanded through the cooperation of production,supply and sell,product innovation,the establishment of brand,international business and etc. All of the above mentioned promotion,on one hand,improve the tea making technology and enrich its product spectrum,on the other hand,boost the formation of the regional market in Yunnan.%民国时期，云南茶业资本开始了近代化进程。在组织形式方面，民国时期的云南茶业资本在保留着独资制和合伙制的同时，公司制的组织形式开始出现；在内部治理方面，合伙制茶商实行了极具特色的银股、力股并存制度，公司制企业则建立现代企业管理制度；茶业同业行会开始出现。在生产方式方面，手工作坊式和现代机制并存。在经营理念方面，通过产供销协作、产品创新、建立品牌、国际化经营等方式扩大了滇茶的市场份额。这种进化一方面促进了滇茶的商业开发和销售，提高了滇茶的制茶技术，丰富了其产品谱系，另一方面促进了云南区域市场的形成。