作为宇宙与人类社会的分界，理性是启蒙的一个关键词，被表述为自然理性、公共理性、历史理性及世俗理性。自然本无理性，康德用此表达“自然向人生成”之合规律、有目的运动。公共理性是指在差异性自由个人联合体中的自觉合约，体现为法理、伦理制约下对个体世俗理性中非理性之自然性之改造和提升。当个体自由成为整个人类从必然王国向自由王国飞升之基点，启蒙方完成了其使命。这是历史理性之宏大叙事的一个永无终结的运动过程，解放生产力导致“劳动日的缩短”则作为其根本条件。这个逻辑与历史的统一包含在从中国、希腊等古代思想传统到法国启蒙主义和康德四大批判以及马克思学说等人类全部优秀文化遗产与前沿理论之中。当前需要在新语境下重新整理并复原这些珍贵资源，在实践中续写启蒙叙事。%As the boundary between the universe and the human society, reason is a key word for enlightenment, often represen-ted as natural reason, public reason, historical reason and secular reason. Nature does not have reason, which is proposed by Kant as a regular and purposeful movement generated by human. Public reason is a self-conscious agreement in the individual u-nion of difference freedom, which is manifested by the naturality transformation and promotion against the irrationality within the individual secular reason under legal and ethical restrictions. Enlightenment is likely to accomplish its mission under the condi-tion that the individual freedom becomes the base of human’s moving from the realm of necessity towards the realm of freedom. This is an endless movement process of historical reason’s grand narration, the shortening of workday time being its fundamental condition. The unity of logic and history is embodied in all the fine cultural heritages and advanced theories, from ancient thoughts tradition in China and Greece to the Enlightenment in France, four critiques of Kant and Marxism theory. It is sugges-ted in this paper that we should rearrange and recover these valuable resources in the new context and carry on enlightenment nar-ration in the practice.
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