利用北京市GPS连续观测网资料反演可降水量,分析2011-07-24-26日暴雨天气过程中GPS可降水量变化特征.研究结果表明,GPS可降水量的变化在暴雨期过程的3个阶段特征为:可降水量的急升时间长短、升幅、量值大小反映水汽累积情况,它与暴雨期降水过程有较明显的对应关系；暴雨过程中可降水量急升达到峰值的过程伴随着明显的降水,进入高值波动阶段后,降水继续维持；可降水量下降的过程中,降水逐步减小至停止.通过北京5个站GPS可降水量变化对比,发现北京GPS可降水量的变化对应了从西南到东北的水汽输送过程.%Using the data of GPS continual operational reference system to retrieve the precipitable water va por. According to the heavy rainfall from 24th to 26th July in 2011 ,the relationship between the variation character istic of multi-stations' precipitable water vapor (PWV) and heavy rainfall was analyzed. And the relationship be tween the variation of precipitable water vapor and moisture transportation was also analyzed. By means of analysis of time series of GPS data from multi-stations, the paper obtains change characteristic of three phases of PWV dur ing heavy rainfall period. Before the heavy rainfall period coming, PWV has a rapid rise. The length, extent and magnitude of the rapid rise reflect accumulation of water vapor, it has a better corresponding relationship with pre cipitation process during heavy rainfall period; and the process that the rapid rise of PWV reaches the peak has concomitant obvious precipitation, after entering high fluctuation phase, the precipitation holds on, in the course of PWV descends, the precipitation steps down, up to stop. In the phase, the fluctuation of time series of PWV and spatial distribution have a better corresponding relationship with short-term change of precipitation during heavy rainfall period; reposefully diminishing of change amplitude and average magnitude of PWV reflect that the heavy rainfall period is about to end. According to the comparison among the precipitable water vapor of five stations, the variation of GPS precipitable water vapor is corresponds to the moisture transport from the southwest to the north east.
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