气压对GPS大气可降水量解算的影响分析

摘要

基于香港卫星定位参考站网的实测气压及GPS观测数据,分析气压对天顶总延迟(ZTD)和天顶静力学延迟(ZHD)解算精度的影响.结果表明,在GPS/MET的业务工作中,ZTD对GPS数据处理过程中所采用的气压参数的精度要求较低,甚至可以采用某些气压估计模型(如GPT模型)获得气压参数值；在对天顶静力学延迟参数进行估计时,则需采用精度较高的实测气压参数；对于气象台站和GPS测站位置不一致的情形,应根据两者之间的位置关系,作与高度相关的偏差改正,以便得到GPS测站上高精度的气压参数.%Based on the GPS observations and site-specific pressure observations of the Hong Kong satellite po sitioning reference station, the effect of pressure parameters on estimation of ZTD and ZHD were analyzed. The re sult shown, in the practical operation of the GPS/MET, the estimate of the ZTD parameters are less depended on the accuracy of the pressure, you can even use the GPT model to get these pressure parameters. However, when estimating the ZHD, it is required to use the pressure observations in high accuracy. For those stations that the GPS receiver and the pressure sensor are not located in the same position, the correction due to the height should be made.