肌肉功能评估方法进展及其法医学应用前景

摘要

Accurate evaluation of muscle function helps to understand the recovery of muscle, bone, nervous system diseases or injuries, especially for muscle dysfunction caused by peripheral nerve injury.Therefore, the methods of muscle function evaluation have been the focus of researchers, with new methods having been constantly proposed.Muscle strength testing is an important part of muscle function evaluation.Besides hand muscle strength assessment, currently used muscle function assessments include simple instrumental test, isokinetic muscle test, electrophysiological test, etc.In addition, the application of needle electromyography, motor unit number estimation, motion unit index in muscle function evaluation has also been reported for several times.This paper reviews the research progress and practical application of these methods.%肌肉功能的准确评估有助于确切了解肌肉、骨骼、神经系统疾病或者损伤的恢复情况,尤其对于周围神经损伤所致肌肉功能障碍具有重要意义.因此,关于肌肉功能评估的方法一直是国内外学者重点研究的方向,不断有新的方法被提出.肌力检测是肌肉功能评定的重要组成部分,除徒手肌力评定外,目前常用的肌肉功能评估方法还包括简单器械测量、等速技术、神经电生理检测等,应用针极肌电图、运动单位数目估计、运动单位数目指数等技术评估肌肉功能也被多次报道,本文拟就上述方法的研究进展及其实际应用进行综述.