Taking the management of rural water resources in D County of Jiangsu Province as an example, the causes for the dilemma in collecting agricultural water charge are discussed from the perspectives of government, market and society. According to the field survey and interview, the imperfect operation and management mechanism combined by administrative and market means and the loss of social structural order under rapid change of rural society result in the triple failure dilemma of government, market and society in collecting agricultural water charge. Some important measures are put forward as follows; increase of financial investment into irrigation projects, determination of property rights of water conservancy facilities, improvement of channels for market and social capitals,and development of non-governmental organizations.%以江苏省D县农村水资源管理为例,从政府、市场、社会的3个层面探讨农业水费征收过程中出现困境的根源.通过实地调查和个案访谈发现,由于行政手段与市场手段相结合的运行管理机制不完善,以及农村社会急剧变迁背景下出现的社会结构性秩序缺失,使得农业水费征收过程中面临政府、市场和社会的三重失灵困境.研究认为,加大对农田水利的财政投入、明晰水利设施产权、完善市场和社会资源准入渠道、积极发展第三方自治组织等,将是破解三重失灵困境的重要措施.
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