基于生产视角的江苏省与我国其他省区水足迹比较

摘要

基于生产视角,在"总量-产业结构-需求结构-相关指标"分析框架下,比较江苏省与我国其他省区水足迹并分析差异成因.研究表明:①总量比较中,江苏生产水足迹在30省区按该水足迹由高到低排序中位居第11位.②产业结构比较中,江苏生产水足迹高于其他19省区,主要源于其较高的居民生活直接用水、农林牧渔业最终需求量及直接用水系数、纺织业直接用水系数以及通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业最终需求量.③需求结构比较中,江苏生产水足迹高于其他19省区,主要与其较高的虚拟水出口量、居民生活直接用水、城镇居民最终需求有关.④相关指标比较中,江苏水资源压力指标值高于其他15省区的主要原因是江苏水资源总量较低;江苏生产水足迹强度仅高于天津对应值,两者差异主要源于两省市生产水足迹差异;江苏工业生产水足迹废弃率(71.51%)高于其他27省区废弃率,且与江苏较高的年工业废水量关系密切.%From the production perspective the water footprints in Jiangsu Province and other provinces in China are compared in the analysis frame of "total amount-industrial structure-demand structure-relative index", and the causes for the differences are analyzed. It is found that ( 1 ) for the comparison of the total amount, Jiangsu Province ranks No. 11 in the domestic water footprint from the highest to the lowest in 30 provinces, with the amount of 15. 70 billion m3 . ( 2 ) For the comparison of the industry structure, the reasons why the domestic water footprint in Jiangsu Province is larger than that in other 11 provinces are resulted from the larger household direct water use, final demand and direct water consumption coefficient of the agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, direct water consumption coefficient of textile industry, and final demand of the communications equipment, computers and other electronic equipment manufacturing industries. (3) For the comparison of the demand structure, the domestic water footprint in Jiangsu Province highly larger than that in other 19 provinces. The larger amount of domestic water footprint in Jiangsu Province relates to the larger virtual water export, household direct water use and the final demand of urban residents. (4) For the comparison of the relative index, the water pressure index value in Jiangsu Province is larger than that in other 15 provinces, which is mainly due to its less water resources. The strength of domestic water footprint in Jiangsu Province is only higher than that in Tianjin City, primarily because of their domestic water footprint differences. The waste rate of industrial domestic water footprint in Jiangsu Province ( 71. 51%) is higher than that in other 27 provinces, which closely relates to more amount of annual industrial waste water.