中国动物园圈养丹顶鹤的数量和分布格局

摘要

A survey was carried out on population size of captive red⁃crowned cranes in 141 zoos ( including urban zoos, park zoos, and wildlife parks) in China, through telephone consultation, field investigation and web searching. It was found that 83 of the 141 zoos had red⁃crowned cranes in captivity, with a total number of 917, of which 319 were in urban zoos, 82 in park zoos and 516 in wildlife parks. Differences between regions and between zoos ( parks) were quite obvious in distribution of captive red⁃crowned cranes. One⁃way ANOVA shows that wildlife parks had more captive red⁃crowned cranes than park zoos did, but the differences were not so significant between urban zoos and wildlife parks/park zoos. The top three provinces in number of captive red⁃crowned cranes were Liaoning, Guangdong, and Heilongjiang, and the top ten provincial level administrative regions had a total of 719 captive red⁃crowned cranes, accounted for 78�4% of the total number in China. The top three regions in number of captive red⁃crowned cranes were Northeast China, East China, and North China, and had captive red⁃crowned cranes accounting for 74�3% of the total number in China.%通过电话咨询、实地调查和网络检索的方法调查了141个城市动物园、园中园和野生动物园的丹顶鹤圈养情况，以明确我国动物园圈养丹顶鹤的种群数量和分布格局。结果表明，141个动物园中，83个（58�9％）动物园有数量不等的圈养丹顶鹤（1～175只），总数达到917只；其中城市动物园319只，园中园82只，野生动物园516只。不同地区的不同动物园圈养丹顶鹤分布有明显差异。单因素方差分析表明野生动物园丹顶鹤数量显著大于园中园（ P＜0�05）。圈养丹顶鹤最多的3个省级行政区分别为辽宁省、广东省和黑龙江省；圈养丹顶鹤数量最多的前10个省级行政区共圈养丹顶鹤719只，占中国动物园圈养丹顶鹤总数的78�4％。圈养丹顶鹤最多的3个地理区域分别为东北地区、华东地区和华北地区，占我国动物园圈养丹顶鹤总数的74�3％。