四溴双酚A和2，4，6－三溴苯酚对黄颡鱼的内分泌干扰毒性效应

摘要

Based on an acute toxicity test on fish, an experiment was conducted on toxicity of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and its degradation product of 2,4,6⁃tribromophenol (TBP) to growing young Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, especial⁃ly their endocrine⁃disrupting effects. During the experiment, growth rate of the juveniles was measured and the minimum observable response concentration ( MORC) and unobservable response concentration ( URC) of TBBPA and TBP in the juveniles exposed to the chemicals for 28 days. Contents of vitellogenin ( VTG) and adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH) content in viscera of the fish were also measured using the enzyme⁃linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) kits for signifi⁃cant difference analysis. Results show that concentrations of TBBPA and TBP and growth rate of the fish in weight dis⁃played an obvious does⁃effect relationship with MORC and URC of TBBPA being 0�32 and 0�16 mg·L-1 and MORC and URC of TBP being 0�64 and 0�32 mg·L-1, respectively, which indicates that TBBPA was more toxic than TBP. With rising TBBPA concentration, VTG and ACTH in the fish significantly increased in content, but VTG did not show any sig⁃nificant response to change in concentration of TBP and ACTH declined by a large margin in content when TBP reached 0�64 mg·L-1 in concentration. It is, therefore, presumed that TBBPA and TBP are potential environmental endocrine dis⁃ruptors.%为研究四溴双酚A（TBBPA）及其降解产物2，4，6－三溴苯酚（TBP）对黄颡鱼（Pelteobagrus fulvidraco）的内分泌干扰毒性效应，在急性毒性试验的基础上开展黄颡鱼幼体生长毒性试验，分析黄颡鱼的生长率并推导出TBBPA和TBP对黄颡鱼28 d最低可观察效应浓度（ MORC）和无可观察效应浓度（ URC）；利用酶联免疫吸附（ ELISA）试剂盒分析测定黄颡鱼内脏促肾上腺皮质激素（ ACTH）和卵黄蛋白原（ VTG）含量，并进行差异显著性分析。结果表明，受试物的浓度和黄颡鱼体重增长速率呈明显的剂量－效应关系，TBBPA对黄颡鱼体重增长率的MORC和URC分别为0�32和0�16 mg·L－1，TBP对黄颡鱼体重增长率的MORC和URC分别为0�64和0�32 mg·L－1，TBBPA较TBP具有更高的毒性。随着TBBPA浓度的升高，黄颡鱼内脏中ACTH和VTG含量与对照相比总体呈上升趋势。TBP对黄颡鱼内脏中VTG无显著影响，但在其质量浓度为0�64 mg·L－1时可显著降低ACTH含量。推测TBBPA和TBP是潜在的环境内分泌干扰物。