生物质燃料高温燃烧过程中有害气体的排放

摘要

Emissions of PM2.5 from burning of wheat straw, corn stalks and rice straw were quantified with the aid of FACTSAGE and effects of oxygen supply and temperature during the combustion process on emissions of HF, HCl, SOx and NO with smoke were explored in an attempt to define proper conditions for burning of bio⁃materials. Results show that as crop straw contains much F and Cl, burning of the material generates a large amount of HF and HCl. In order to control the generation of F/Cl compounds from burning of bio⁃materials, temperature of the combustion should be controlled at 1 000-1 100 ℃, and oxygen supply should be from natural air. When oxygen supply is too low, more ammonia and hy⁃droxides will be generated and emitted with the tail gas, while it is too high, more sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides will, causing formation of secondary aerosol,PM2.5 and then environment pollution.%利用FACTSAGE软件定量计算麦秆、玉米秆和稻草3种生物质燃料在燃烧过程中PM2�5的排放情况，探究反应过程中氧含量、温度等对燃烧尾气中HF、HCl、SOx 和NO排放的影响，从而确定适合生物质燃料燃烧的条件。结果表明：由于秸秆F、Cl含量较多，燃烧反应后会产生大量HCl和HF。为了控制生物质燃料中F、Cl化合物的产生，燃烧温度应控制在1000～1100℃；氧含量应选择正常空气氧含量，氧含量过低，燃烧尾气中会生成较多的氨及氢氧化物；氧含量过高，则会生成较多的硫氧化物和氮氧化物。