我国重点生态功能区生态状况变化

摘要

重点生态功能区对于保障国家和地方生态安全具有重要意义。以生态状况为指标，通过生态功能指数、生态结构指数和生态胁迫指数分析2000—2010年我国重点生态功能区的生态状况变化态势。结果表明，水源涵养型重点生态功能区中，大小兴安岭森林生态功能区、阿尔泰山地森林草原生态功能区和南岭山地森林及生物多样性生态功能区生态状况表现为转差态势，其余5个区的生态状况表现为转好态势；水土保持型重点生态功能区的生态状况均有所好转，特别是黄土高原丘陵沟壑水土保持生态功能区；防风固沙型重点生态功能区中，呼伦贝尔草原草甸生态功能区和阿尔金草原荒漠化防治区生态状况表现为转好态势，其余4个功能区的生态状况表现为转差态势；生物多样性维护型重点生态功能区的生态状况均有所好转。%Key ecological function zones are essential to guarantee of national and regional ecological safety. Changes in e⁃cology of the key ecological function zones of China during the years of 2000-2010 were analyzed, using ecological func⁃tion index, ecological structure index and ecological stress index as indicators. Results show that among the eight key eco⁃logical function zones of the water source conserving type, the Greater and Lesser Khingan forest ecological function zone, the Altai mountain forest steppe ecological function zone and the Nanling mountain forest and biodiversity ecological func⁃tion zone tended to deteriorate in ecological status, while the other five did reversely. The key ecological function zones of the water and soil conservation type all turned better, especially the Loess Plateau hill and gully soil⁃water conservation ec⁃ological function zone. Among the six key ecological function zones of the sand⁃shifting control type, the Hulunbuir prairie meadow ecological function zone and the Arkin steppe desertification control ecological function zone went towards better in ecology, while the other four did towards worse. And all the key ecological function zone of the biodiversity protection type were getting somewhat better.