双酚A及其类似物对斑马鱼成鱼及胚胎的急性毒性

摘要

双酚B(BPB)、双酚F(BPF)、双酚AP(BPAP)、双酚AF(BPAF)、双酚Z(BPZ)、双酚P(BPP)和双酚S(BPS)作为双酚A(BPA)的替代品被广泛使用,但其毒性数据非常有限.将BPA、BPB、BPF、BPZ、BPP、BPAP、BPAF和BPS暴露于斑马鱼成鱼及胚胎,通过24、48、72和96 h死亡率等指标比较8种化合物的急性毒性.结果显示,双酚A及其类似物对斑马鱼成鱼及胚胎毒性具有线性相关性.根据GB 30000.28-2013《化学品分类和标签规范 第28部分:对水生环境的危害》对受试物的急性水环境毒性的分级标准,判定BPP为毒性Ⅰ级,BPA、BPB、BPF、BPZ、BPAP和BPAF为毒性Ⅱ级,根据Verhaar分类方法,双酚A及其类似物属于麻醉致毒机制的化学品,其毒性大小与疏水基团相关.%Little is known so far about toxicities of bisphenol B(BPB), bisphenol F(BPF), bisphenol AP(BPAP), bisphenol AF(BPAF), bisphenol Z(BPZ), bisphenol P(BPP), bisphenol S (BPS), although they have been used widely as BPA substitutes.A comparative study was done by exposing adults and embryos of zebrafish to the 8 kinds of chemicals for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours to determine half lethal concentration (LC50) and fatality rate at different time intervals.Results show that the toxicities of bisphenol A and its analogues to adult zebrafish were linearly related to their respective ones to zebrafish embryos.According to the criteria for grading of toxicity in "Rules for Classification and Labeling of Chemicals, Part 28:Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment", BPP is sorted into Grade Ⅰ in toxicity and BPA, BPB, BPF, BPZ, BPAP and BPAF into Grade Ⅱ, while according to the Verhaar classification system, bisphenol A and its analogues belong to the category of chemicals with anesthetic toxication mechanism and degree of their toxicities is related to hydrophobic groups.