择期剖宫分娩与新生儿呼吸系统疾病

摘要

As an effective solution to high-risk pregnancy, dystocia and other obstetric critical diseases, the caesarean section plays an important role in reducing the perinatal morbidity and mortality. In spite of the effect of the eaesarean section on reducing the incidence of neonatal asphyxia, trauma and meeonium aspiration syndrome,however, recent studies found that it cannot reduce the neonatal mortality. Meanwhile, the elective caesarean can increase the probability of the occurrence of neonatal respiratory distress and of the admission to neonatal intensive care unit significantly. Based on the main types of respiratory diseases in term newborn infants caused by elective caesarean section, this paper briefly discusses the potential mechanisms and the principles of management for the respiratory diseases. The aims of this paper are lo increase the knowledge of adverse effects on the respiratory system caused by elective caesarean, and to reduce the occurrence of neonatal respiratory disease due to elective caesarean section, and to improve the prognosis.%剖宫分娩作为解决高危妊娠、难产等产科危重症的有效途径,在降低围产期母婴发病率和病死率中起着非常重要的作用.但近期研究发现剖宫分娩并未降低新生儿的死亡率,同时发现虽然剖宫分娩使新生儿窒息、创伤和胎粪吸入发生率降低,但择期剖宫分娩的新生儿发生呼吸窘迫和入住新生儿重症监护病房的概率明显增高.文章在简要介绍择期剖宫分娩足月儿出现呼吸系统疾病主要类型的基础上进一步讨论择期剖宫分娩的新生儿出现严重呼吸系统疾病的可能机制以及处理原则,以提高对择期剖宫分娩新生儿呼吸系统疾病的认识,减少择期剖宫分娩所致新生儿呼吸系统疾病的发生及改善预后.