儿童哮喘规范化管理治疗效果评价

摘要

目的：评价儿童哮喘规范化管理治疗的效果。方法对150例哮喘患儿建立哮喘医疗管理档案，按是否接受规范化管理治疗分为管理组和对照组，对管理组78例患儿及家长进行哮喘基本知识教育、健康教育并定期随访等综合教育管理，同时进行哮喘的规范化治疗；对照组72例未进行哮喘教育管理，仅接受一般临床治疗。观察1年，比较两组儿童哮喘临床疗效、家长知信行变化及患儿用药依从性情况。结果管理组患儿哮喘控制率明显高于对照组(χ2=54.68，P<0.01)；在随访1年内，管理组患儿哮喘发作次数、急诊次数、住院次数均明显减少，与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)；两组比较，管理组患儿家长对哮喘知识的了解和对患儿治疗及管理执行情况等知信行水平显著提高(P<0.01)；同期管理组患儿用药依从性也显著高于对照组(χ2=66.27，P<0.01)。结论推广儿童哮喘规范化管理治疗，可提高哮喘患儿家长的知信行水平，改善患儿治疗依从性，从而有效控制哮喘。%ObjectiveTo evaluate the treatment efifcacy of the treatment promotion of standardized management for chil-dren with asthma.MethodsMedical records of 150 children with asthma were reviewed and divided into management group or control group according to whether standardized management was accepted. Comprehensive asthma education for asthma pa-tients and their parents including asthma associated basic knowledge education, health education as well as follow-ups at deifned intervals was conducted in 78 cases. In the meantime, standardized asthma therapies were performed. Control group involved 72 cases who did not receive asthma education managements and only accepted regular clinical therapies. After 1-year observational follow-up, , clinical efifcacy of children with asthma, changes of knowledge-attitude-practice of parents, and compliance of med-ication were compared between the two groups.ResultsAfter promotion of standardized managements treatment, asthma con-trol rates in the management group were signiifcantly higher than that of the control group(χ2=54.68,P<0.01); In addition, the rate of asthma attacks, emergency visits as well as hospitalizations were obviously reduced in the management group than control group (both withP<0.01). Knowledge associated with asthma, therapy and management executions as well as knowledge-atti-tude-practice of parents also demonstrated apparent elevations in the management group (P<0.01); At the same time, management group has illustrated superior medication compliance over the control group (χ2=66.27,P<0.01).ConclusionPromotion of standardized treatment management among children with asthma can help to achieve effective control by raising levels of knowl-edge-attitude-practice of the parents as well as the patient’s compliance to the treatment.