320排动态容积CT冠状动脉成像在川崎病冠状动脉瘤远期随访中应用

摘要

目的：探讨320排动态容积CT冠状动脉成像(CTA)及经胸超声心动图(TTE)对川崎病(KD)合并冠状动脉瘤(CAA)中远期随访的应用价值。方法采用320排CTA、TTE进行中远期追踪随访8例KD合并CAA患儿。结果8例患儿平均发病年龄(41.63±22.70)月，随访时间(43.50±10.99)月。急性期TTE诊断冠状动脉巨大瘤(GCAA)3例，中小瘤5例，共累及冠状动脉16/32支(50.0%)。随访观察终点时TTE示GCAA 3例及中小瘤2例仍存在，另3例小瘤消退，仍累及冠状动脉6/32支(18.6%)。随访观察终点时320排CTA检查示累及冠状动脉7/32支(21.9%)，分布部位与TTE基本一致；另发现左回旋支扩张1例，右冠状动脉(RCA)远段GCAA 1处、血栓2处、狭窄1处、钙化2处。结论KD引起的CAA可长期存在， GCAA后期可发生冠状动脉血栓、狭窄或钙化。TTE观察近中段冠脉改变敏感可靠，但对于中远段冠脉损害的观察有局限性。320排CTA能较全面地观察各支冠状动脉的病变，尤其对急性期后冠状动脉血栓，钙化及近、远端狭窄的观察敏感可靠。%ObjectiveTo assess the values of 320-detector row dynamic volume CT angiography (CTA) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in follow up of coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) caused by Kawasaki disease (KD).Methods320-de-tector row CTA and TTE were applied in long-term follow-up of 8 patients with CAA caused by KD.ResultsIn 8 patients, the mean age at onset was 41.63±22.70 months and the mean follow up time was 43.50±10.99 months. In acute phase, 3 cases of giant coronary artery aneurysms (GCAA) and 5 cases of mid-small CAA were diagnosed by TTE. A total of 16/32 arteries (50%) were involved. At the end of follow-up, 3 cases of GCAA and 2 cases of mid-small CAA were still diagnosed by TTE, and small CAAs were regressed in another 3 cases. A total of 6/32 arteries (18.75%) were involved. Simultaneously at the end of follow-up, a total of 7/32 arteries (21.9%) were involved by 320-detector row CTA. The distribution was consistent with that of TTE. Mean-while, there were one case of left circumlfex artery, one case of GCAA at distal of the right coronary artery, 2 cases of thrombus, 1 case of coronary stenosis and 2 cases of calciifcation.ConclusionsCAA caused by KD may be persistent for a long time. The thrombus, stenosis, and calciifcation of coronary can occurr at late phase in GCAA. TTE is sensitive and reliable to detect proxi-mal and middle segment of coronary lesions, but has limitations in detection of distal segment of coronary arteries. 320-detector row CTA has more comprehensively view of each coronary artery lesions and is especially sensitive and reliable to detect coro-nary thrombosis, calciifcation and narrowing in proximal and distal coronary arteries after acute phase.