Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the nutritional status of the hospitalized premature infants with birth weight lower than 1 500 g in the different areas in China, and to analyze the related inlfuence factors of extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR). Methods The retrospective survey method was used to collect clinical data of the premature infants with birth weight lower than 1 500 g and hospital stay of more than 2 weeks in 15 hospitals between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2012. A descriptive analysis was performed for intestinal and parenteral nutrition and weight gain, and the related inlfuence factors of EUGR were analyzed. Results A total of 572 premature infants were selected. The mean gestational age was 30.6±2.0 weeks, and the mean birth weight was 1255.7±164.8 g. The mean enteral feeding starting time after birth was 68.2±85.4 hours, and the mean age to reach oral calorie of 100 kcal/(kg·d) was 29.9±14.1 days. During hospitalization, the mean weight growth velocity after return to birth weight was 11.8±5.5 g/(kg·d). The duration of hospitalization was 42.2±20.8 days and the corrected gestational age was 36.6±2.7 weeks at the time of discharge. At birth, the percentage of birth weight below P10 was 52.6%, and below P3 was 29.0%. At the time of discharge, the percentage of weight below P10 was 80.9%, and below P3 was 63.6%. There were differences between two time points (P<0.01). The indices of nutrition, weight gain and other indices at dis-charge were signiifcantly different among 15 hospitals (P<0.05). Small gestational age, low birth weight, birth weight below P10, taking a long time to reach oral calorie limit and slow weight gain were independent risk factors of EUGR in premature infants with very low birth weight (VLBW) at the time of discharge (P<0.05). Conclusions Now in our country, the nutritional status of hospitalized premature infants with VLBW was not optimistic, and there was signiifcant difference in different areas. To improve the nutritional status of hospitalized preterm infants, active implementation of standardized nutritional support strategies were im-portant.%目的：了解不同地区出生体质量<1500 g早产儿院内营养状况以及出生后生长发育迟缓(EUGR)的相关影响因素。方法采用回顾性调查方法，收集2012年1月1日至2012年12月31日在全国15所医院新生儿科住院时间>2周、出生体质量＜1500 g的早产儿临床资料，包括住院期间的喂养方式、营养状况、并发症及诊断和治疗，并对早产儿住院期间的肠内外营养、体质量增长情况进行描述性分析，并分析EUGR的相关因素。结果入选572例早产儿，出生胎龄(30.6±2.0)周，出生体质量(1255.7±164.8)g；开始肠道喂养的时间为(68.2±85.4)h，口服能量达到100 kcal/(kg·d)(1cal=418.68J)的日龄为(29.9±14.1)d；住院期间在恢复至出生体质量后其体质量增长速度为(11.8±5.5)g/(kg·d)。住院时间(42.2±20.8)d，出院时校正胎龄(36.6±2.7)周。出生时，出生体质量小于第十百分位(P10)者占52.6%、展开▼
