罗伯特·达尔多元民主理论的社会背景认知

摘要

罗伯特·达尔是当代经典多元民主理论的集大成者。其早期的理论研究以行为主义方法为指导，进行实证研究，发现和归纳出美国民主生发的基本要素———以利益集团为代表的社会组织分享城市权力，通过社会来制约权力，有效地维系和推进了民主的运行。达尔的民主理论成果对探索社会治理路径、累积社会治理经验具有一定的启示和参考价值。%Robert Alan Dahl epitomized the modern pluralistic democratic theory. During the early theoretical research, on the base of empirical study and behavioristic methods, he revealed and summed up the elementary facts American democracy occurred and devel-oped, that was, the social organizations represented by interest groups shared the civil power and the society restricted power. By virtue of these facts, the democracy has been effectively maintained and improved. Dahl’ s democratic theory has the important enlightenment and reference value for exploring the social governance path and accumulating social governance experiences.