采用硫化-真空蒸馏法从铜砷锑多元合金中回收铜

摘要

Feasibility of processing Cu-As-Sb multi-component alloy to recover valuable metal Cu by sulfuration-vacuum distillation was theoretically analyzed. The effects of addition of sulphur, distillation temperature and distillation time on the impurity removal effect were studied. The experimental results show that the residue includes about 98% cuprous sulfide and the direct yield rate of Cu is 97.60% when the multi-component alloy is distilled for 30 min at 1 200 癈, 5-15 Pa and 200% overcharge percentage of sulphur. Contents of Pb, Sb, Sn, As in the residue are reduced respectively to 0.005 8%, 1.02%, 0.002 3%, 0.039% and their removal rates are increased respectively to 99.96%, 95.17%, 99.94%, 99.84%. Impurity removal effect of sulfuration-vacuum distillation is significantly better than that of direct vacuum distillation. The residue can be converted into anode copper which can be applied to electrolysis.%从理论上分析采用硫化-真空蒸馏法处理铜砷锑多元合金回收其中有价金属铜的可行性,并通过实验探讨加硫量、蒸馏温度、蒸馏时间对杂质脱除效果的影响.研究结果表明:在系统残压为5～15 Pa,加硫过量率为200％,蒸馏温度为1 200℃,蒸馏时间为30 min条件下,得到的残余物为Cu2S,纯度较高,含量可达98％左右,Cu直收率为97.60％,杂质元素Pb,Sb,Sn和As含量分别降至0.005 8％,1.02％,0.002 3％和0.039％,脱除率分别为99.96％,95.17％,99.94％和99.84％,除杂效果明显好于直接真空蒸馏.残余物经吹炼可得能够适用于电解的阳极铜.