洪涝灾害引起的货物列车脱轨全过程分析

摘要

Considering the influence of floods, train-track system spatial vibration model based on the train-track system spatial vibration analysis theory was established, and the system spatial vibration matrix equation was proposed according to the principle of total potential energy with stationary value in elastic system dynamics and the “set-in-right-position” rule for formulating system matrixes. Adopting the theory of energy random analysis for train derailment, calculation method for the whole train derailment course in floods was proposed to calculate and analyze the whole train derailment course inand curverespectively. The results show that when the freight train derailed by floods in straight line and curve, the bogie yaw angle is 0.20° and 0.27°, and the lateral corresponding displacement between the bogie and track is 52.8 mm and 48.1 mm,respectively.Meanwhile, it is more likely to derail in curve than in straight line. The results provide a theory basis and technical parameters for the invention of mechanical train derailment alarm, which ensure that the train is stopped timely when it derails.%基于列车−轨道系统空间振动分析理论，考虑洪涝灾害的影响，建立洪涝灾害条件下列车−轨道系统空间振动分析模型。根据弹性系统动力学总势能不变值原理及形成系统矩阵的“对号入座”法则，建立此系统空间振动矩阵方程。运用列车脱轨能量随机分析理论，提出洪涝灾害条件下列车脱轨全过程计算方法，分别对该条件下直线和曲线路段列车脱轨全过程进行计算和分析。研究结果表明：洪涝灾害引起的货物列车在直线和曲线路段脱轨时转向架摇头角分别为0.20°和0.27°，转向架与钢轨之间的横向相对位移分别为52.8 mm和48.1 mm,相比直线路段，列车在曲线路段更易脱轨。这些研究成结果可为研发机械式的列车脱轨报警器提供重要的理论依据和技术参数，进而确保该报警器能在列车脱轨时立即发出报警，使列车及时停车。