基于数值模拟的大型原油储罐热辐射响应研究

摘要

A numerical simulation method on the thermal radiation response of a large-scale crude oil tank was presented to determine the failure time under the attack of thermal radiation.A 106 m3 crude oil tank was established by FDS software to simulate fire and the distribution of thermal radiation for an adjacent tank was obtained.After that,a 106 m3 crude oil tank was established with the ANSYS software and the temperature distribution of the tank was obtained under the thermal radiation impact.Combined with the physics properties of the tank steel,the failure time of the oil tank was calculated in two conditions,including the thermal stress and excluding the thermal stress.The results show that the oil tank would fail in 245 s considering the thermal stress,while the failure time exceeds 3 600 s without considering the thermal stress,which indicates that the thermal stress is the key factor in the process of tank failure under thermal conditions.%为了得到一定热辐射条件下储罐的失效时间,对大型原油储罐在热辐射作用下的热响应进行研究,提出基于数值模拟的分析方法.利用FDS软件构建10万m3原油储罐燃烧模型,模拟得出邻罐所受到的热辐射强度分布;利用ANSYS软件构建10万m3原油储罐受热模型,分析储罐受到热辐射时的温度场分布;考虑储罐钢材的热物理性质,分析储罐在考虑热应力和不考虑热应力这2种条件下各自的失效时间.研究结果表明:考虑热应力时储罐经过245 s便发生失效,不考虑热应力时储罐理论失效时间超过3 600 s,可见大型原油储罐区火灾事故中热应力是储罐受热失效的关键因素.